资源类型

期刊论文 15

年份

2023 2

2022 1

2021 2

2019 1

2018 3

2017 1

2013 1

2003 1

2000 1

1999 1

展开 ︾

关键词

亲合煅烧 1

亲合颗料 1

伴生物产品化 1

净化燃烧 1

减少污染物的产生和排放 1

化学工程 1

可持续性 1

回收机理 1

固结脱硫 1

圆柱 1

增值税 1

安全性 1

密码 1

工业食品废弃物 1

废弃PET 1

废弃轮胎橡胶 1

废物回收价值增值 1

橡胶沥青 1

正交直墙 1

展开 ︾

检索范围：

排序： 展示方式：

Innovative seismic retrofitting strategy of added stories isolation system

Min-Ho CHEY, J. Geoffrey CHASE, John B. MANDER, Athol J. CARR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 13-23 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0195-9

摘要： The seismic performance of “added stories isolation” (ASI) systems are investigated for 12-story moment resisting frames. The newly added and isolated upper stories on the top of the existing structure are rolled to act as a large tuned mass damper (TMD) to overcome the limitation of the size of tuned mass, resulting to “12+2” and “12+4” stories building configurations. The isolation layer, as a core design strategy, is optimally designed based on optimal TMD design principle, entailing the insertion of passive flexible laminated rubber bearings to segregate two or four upper stories from a conventionally constructed lower superstructure system. Statistical performance metrics are presented for 30 earthquake records from the 3 suites of the SAC project. Time history analyses are used to compute various response performances and reduction factors across a wide range of seismic hazard intensities. Results show that ASI systems can effectively manage seismic response for multi-degree-of freedom (MDOF) systems across a broader range of ground motions without requiring burdensome extra mass. Specific results include the identification of differences in the number of added story by which the suggested isolation systems remove energy.

关键词： added stories     seismic isolation     tuned mass damper     parametric optimization     statistical method    

HTML PDF 收藏

增值税防伪税控系统及其安全性设计

魏庆福

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第11期   页码 84-87

摘要：

增值税防伪税控系统是国家金税工程的主要组成部分之一，是为控管增值税、扼制利用发票偷税、骗税，防止税收流失而研制的。该系统采用数字密码技术，解决票据的防伪识伪，由微控制器、DSP和Flashi贮器构成的“黑盒子”和智能IC卡等技术集成，从税源的源头和票源的源头控制税收的征管。该技术发明的推广使用已成为辅助我国税收征管的强有力手段。它为解决国民经济中有关增值税征管中的重大难题作出了贡献。

系统为特殊的商用密码设备，运行环境极为恶劣，它既要防止国内外利益集团的集团攻击，又要抵御一些不法之徒，包括与税务部门内部人员勾结的个人攻击。为此，采用了一整套安全性设计技术，按照系统的安全模型，从核心硬件、密码算法、密钥管理、设备连接通道、运行环境、信息记录与审计、业务功能以及管理诸方面层层设防，综合治理。

关键词： 增值税     防伪     密码     安全性    

HTML PDF 收藏

The main and added effects of heat on mortality in 33 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2013

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1681-5

摘要：

● The main and added effect from heat co-existed in China.

关键词： Heat     Main effect     Added effect     Mortality     Vulnerable population    

HTML PDF 收藏

On the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 1-23 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0790-0

摘要： This review of the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete is based on three representative examples. The first one is concerned with the analysis of experimental data, taken from four high-dynamic tests. The structural nature of the high-dynamic strength increase can be explained by using a multi-scale model. It accounts for the microstructure of the specimens. The second example refers to multi-scale thermoelastic analysis of concrete pavements, subjected to solar heating. A sensitivity analysis with respect to the internal relative humidity (RH) of concrete has underlined the great importance of the RH for an assessment of the risk of microcracking of concrete. The third example deals with multi-scale structural analysis of a real-scale test of a segmental tunnel ring. It has turned out that multi-scale modeling of concrete enables more reliable predictions of crack opening displacements in tunnel segments than macroscopic models taken from codes of practice. Overall, it is concluded that multi-scale models have indeed a significant added value. However, its degree varies with these examples. In any case, it can be assessed by means of a comparison of the results from three sources, namely, multi-scale structural analysis, conventional structural analysis, and experiments.

关键词： experiments     multi-scale analysis     conventional structural analysis     concrete     reinforced concrete    

HTML PDF 收藏

Characterization of value-added chemicals derived from the thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation of sewage

Milan Malhotra, Anurag Garg

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1305-2

摘要： Abstract • Hydrothermal treatment can greatly improve resource recovery from sewage sludge. • tCOD removal during WO was ~55% compared with ~23% after TH. • TOC solubilization during hydrothermal treatment followed first-order kinetics. • Solids and carbon balance confirmed loss of organics during thermal hydrolysis. • Reaction pathways for thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation are proposed. We evaluated the effect of hydrothermal pretreatments, i.e., thermal hydrolysis (TH) and wet oxidation (WO) on sewage sludge to promote resource recovery. The hydrothermal processes were performed under mild temperature conditions (140°C–180°C) in a high pressure reactor. The reaction in acidic environment (pH= 3.3) suppressed the formation of the color imparting undesirable Maillard’s compounds. The oxidative conditions resulted in higher volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction (~90%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (~55%) whereas TH caused VSS and COD removals of ~65% and ~27%, respectively at a temperature of 180°C. During TH, the concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins in treated sludge were 400–1000 mg/L and 1500–2500 mg/L, respectively. Whereas, WO resulted in solids solubilization followed by oxidative degradation of organics into smaller molecular weight carboxylic acids such as acetic acid (~400–500 mg/L). Based on sludge transformation products generated during the hydrothermal pretreatments, simplified reaction pathways are predicted. Finally, the application of macromolecules (such as proteins), VFAs and nutrients present in the treated sludge are also discussed. The future study should focus on the development of economic recovery methods for various value-added compounds.

关键词： Hydrothermal pretreatment     Reaction kinetics     Reaction pathway     Sewage sludge     Thermal hydrolysis     Wet oxidation    

HTML PDF 收藏

Field evidence of decreased extractability of copper and nickel added to soils in 6-year field experiments

Bao Jiang, Dechun Su, Xiaoqing Wang, Jifang Liu, Yibing Ma

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0990-y

摘要： The phytotoxicity of added copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) is influenced by soil properties and field aging. However, the differences in the chemical behavior between Cu and Ni are still unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the extractability of added Cu and Ni in 6-year field experiments, as well as the link with their phytotoxicity. The results showed that the extractability of added Cu decreased by 6.63% (5.10%–7.90%), 22.5% (20.6%–23.9%), and 6.87% (0%–17.9%) on average for acidic, neutral, and alkaline soil from 1 to 6 years, although the phytotoxicity of added Cu and Ni did not change significantly from 1 to 6 years in the long term field experiment. Because of dissolution of Cu, when the pH decreased below 7.0, the extractability of Cu in alkaline soil by EDTA at pH 4.0 could not reflect the effects of aging. For Ni, the extractability decreased by 18.1% (10.1%–33.0%), 63.0% (59.2%–68.8%), and 22.0% (12.4%–31.8%) from 1 to 6 years in acidic, neutral, and alkaline soils, respectively, indicating the effects of aging on Ni were greater than on Cu. The sum of ten sequential extractions of Cu and Ni showed that added Cu was more extractable than Ni in neutral and alkaline soil, but similar in acidic soil.

关键词： Copper     Nickel     EDTA     Sequential extraction    

HTML PDF 收藏

煤净化燃烧及伴生物产品化

朱雪芳

《中国工程科学》 1999年 第1卷 第1期   页码 53-57

摘要：

煤净化燃烧及伴生物产品化新工艺，是在电厂燃煤中加特制的掺烧剂共同粉磨产生亲合颗粒，喷入锅炉内进行亲合煅烧。保证供热发电的同时实现降低残炭、提高粉煤灰活性、固结脱硫、降低Nox、CO2，并将全部固态伴生物在具有速烧速冷的燃煤锅炉内直接生成优质水泥熟料；实现基本消除燃烧的全部污染（气体和固体污染），且不产生二次污染，从而达到清洁生产的目的。

关键词： 净化燃烧     伴生物产品化     速烧速冷     固结脱硫     亲合颗料     亲合煅烧    

HTML PDF 收藏

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-added

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1608-1619 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2349-1

摘要： MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature (> 700 °C) thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power plants. Adding Mg into molten MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni alloys. However, it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700 °C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid form. The corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous work. Microscopic analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi2/Mg2Ni compounds. The Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys, with the thickness around 204 µm (stainless steel 310) and 1300 µm (Incoloy 800H), respectively. These results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl2–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power (CSP)     Mg corrosion inhibitor     Mg–Ni intermetallic     salt purification     thermal energy storage (TES)    

HTML PDF 收藏

A combination process of mineral carbonation with SO2 disposal for simulated flue gas by magnesia-added

Yingying Zhao, Mengfan Wu, Zhiyong Ji, Yuanyuan Wang, Jiale Li, Jianlu Liu, Junsheng Yuan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 832-844 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1871-7

摘要： The desulfurization by seawater and mineral carbonation have been paid more and more attention. In this study, the feasibility of magnesia and seawater for the integrated disposal of SO and CO in the simulated flue gas was investigated. The process was conducted by adding MgO in seawater to reinforce the absorption of SO and facilitate the mineralization of CO by calcium ions. The influences of various factors, including digestion time of magnesia, reaction temperature, and salinity were also investigated. The results show that the reaction temperature can effectively improve the carbonation reaction. After combing SO removal process with mineral carbonation, Ca removal rate has a certain degree of decrease. The best carbonation condition is to use 1.5 times artificial seawater (the concentrations of reagents are 1.5 times of seawater) at 80°C and without digestion of magnesia. The desulfurization rate is close to 100% under any condition investigated, indicating that the seawater has a sufficient desulfurization capacity with adding magnesia. This work has demonstrated that a combination of the absorption of SO with the absorption and mineralization of CO is feasible.

关键词： mineral carbonation     wet SO2 disposal     seawater     desulfurization    

HTML PDF 收藏

Recycling polymeric waste from electronic and automotive sectors into value added products

Abhishek Kumar, Veena Choudhary, Rita Khanna, Romina Cayumil, Muhammad Ikram-ul-Haq, Veena Sahajwalla, Shiva Kumar I. Angadi, Ganapathy E. Paruthy, Partha S. Mukherjee, Miles Park

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0991-x

摘要： The environmentally sustainable disposal and recycling of ever increasing volumes of electronic waste has become global waste management issue. The addition of up to 25% polymeric waste PCBs (printed circuit boards) as fillers in polypropylene (PP) composites was partially successful: while the tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of composites were enhanced, the tensile and impact strengths were found to decrease. As a lowering of impact strength can significantly limit the application of PP based composites, it is necessary to incorporate impact modifying polymers such as rubbery particles in the mix. We report on a novel investigation on the simultaneous utilization of electronic and automotive rubber waste as fillers in PP composites. These composites were prepared by using 25 wt.% polymeric PCB powder, up to 9% of ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), and PP: balance. The influence of EPR on the structural, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of PP/PCB/EPR composites was investigated. While the addition of EPR caused the nucleation of the β crystalline phase of PP, the onset temperature for thermal degradation was found to decrease by 8%. The tensile modulus and strength decreased by 16% and 19%, respectively; and the elongation at break increased by ~71%. The impact strength showed a maximum increase of ~18% at 7 wt.%–9 wt.% EPR content. Various rheological properties were found to be well within the range of processing limits. This novel eco-friendly approach could help utilize significant amounts of polymeric electronic and automotive waste for fabricating valuable polymer composites.

关键词： E-waste     Polymer composites     Recycling     Rubber     Waste PCBs     Filler    

HTML PDF 收藏

Electrochemical CO reduction to C products over CuZn intermetallic catalysts synthesized by electrodeposition

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0898-0

摘要： Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) offers an attractive approach to realizing carbon neutrality and producing valuable chemicals and fuels using CO2 as the feedstock. However, the lack of cost-effective electrocatalysts with better performances has seriously hindered its application. Herein, a one-step co-electrodeposition method was used to introduce Zn, a metal with weak *CO binding energy, into Cu to form Cu/Zn intermetallic catalysts (Cu/Zn IMCs). It was shown that, using an H-cell, the high Faradaic efficiency of C2+ hydrocarbons/alcohols (FEC2+) could be achieved in ECR by adjusting the surface metal components and the applied potential. In suitable conditions, FEC2+ and current density could be as high as 75% and 40 mA/cm2, respectively. Compared with the Cu catalyst, the Cu/Zn IMCs have a lower interfacial charge transfer resistance and a larger electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), which accelerate the reaction. Moreover, the *CO formed on Zn sites can move to Cu sites due to its weak binding with *CO, and thus enhance the C–C coupling on the Cu surface to form C2+ products.

关键词： carbon dioxide electroreduction     electrochemistry     co-electrodeposition     intermetallic catalysts     value-added chemicals    

HTML PDF 收藏

正交直墙前直立圆柱振荡问题的研究

宁德志,滕斌

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第5期   页码 84-91

摘要：

应用镜像原理，将正交直墙前单个圆柱在静水中的振荡问题，转化为4个对称布置圆柱在静水中的振荡问题，由此应用速度势的特征函数展开法，建立了正交直墙前直立圆柱振荡问题的解析解。通过数值计算研究了圆柱与正交直墙间距离大小、水深等因素对附加质量和辐射阻尼的影响。计算结果表明，正交直墙前圆柱上的附加质量和辐射阻尼将明显增大，且随着波数的变化而发生振荡；不同水深中圆柱的附加质量和辐射阻尼在低频区与水深成线性关系。

关键词： 附加质量     辐射阻尼     镜像原理     正交直墙     圆柱    

HTML PDF 收藏

使用分布式富碳废弃物模块化生产附加值产品及燃料 Perspective

Robert S. Weber, Johnathan E. Holladay

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第3期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.012

摘要：

我们对电解反应堆进行了改造和表征，以完善区域和社区规模的废物向燃料或化学品的转换。整个过程必须能够适应各种原料以及具有内在的安全性，并且不应依赖外部设施获得共反应物或增加排热量和供热量。我们目前的方法是基于对含碳废料的水热液化（HTL）生产的生物油进行升级。水热液化可以将各种原料转化为生物油，与其他解构生物质的方式相比，其需要的升级要少得多。我们目前正在研究将电化学过程用于将生物油通过水热液化转化为燃料或更高价值化学品所需的进一步转化。我们和其他研究者已经证明，电化学还原可以提供足够的反应速率，以及在很小的程度上提供一些必要的通用性。此外，电化学反应器必须在反应器的一侧氧化（去除电子）并在另一侧还原（添加电子）。因此，原则上，这两种类型的反应可以结合以升级生物油，并同时改善在上游水热液化中用作反应物和载体的水。在这里，我们对假定流程、可能的转换化学和水热液化电化学过程的经济性进行了概述。

关键词： 减少污染物的产生和排放     化学工程    

HTML PDF 收藏

工业食品废物资源最终利用潜力的比较 Review

Raymond RedCorn, Samira Fatemi, Abigail S. Engelberth

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第3期   页码 371-380 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.010

摘要：

全球大约有四分之一的可食用的食品被浪费。粮食浪费的驱动因素可以发生在生产、收获、分销、加工和消费者之间的任何阶段。尽管全球各地的驱动因素不同，但在北美、欧洲和亚洲的工业化地区有着相类似的情况。在这些地区，食物浪费最严重的情况发生在消费者环节，他们产生了大约51%的食品废物。因此，处理垃圾的重点就落在了处理城市固体废物上。在美国，食物垃圾占固体废物流重量的15％，产生二氧化碳当量排放量多达3.4×107 t，其处置费用高达19亿美元。利用食物垃圾中含有的碳、营养物和水分含量使垃圾转化成为高附加值产品，这是一种吸引人的减少浪费的方法。提取食物垃圾中的营养物质和生物活性物质，或者把两者转化为各种挥发性酸碱——包括乳酸、乙酸和丙酸，便可以利用这些机会回收废物并将产品出售以获得利润。废物转化为挥发性酸的过程可以与生物能源(如氢气和沼气)生产相结合。本文将工业食品废物升级的潜能比作特殊产品或者甲烷。高价值利用食品垃圾可以减轻大约1.9×108 t二氧化碳当量排放。以马铃薯皮为例，通过发酵技术将其转化为乳酸可每年节省56亿美元，也可以通过厌氧消化转化为甲烷，每年曾收9亿美元。回收食品废物潜在价值巨大，而食品废物价值化将有助于在各种食品工业的循环中形成回路。

关键词： 工业食品废弃物     食品废物价值化     废物回收价值增值    

HTML PDF 收藏

废弃塑料和废弃胎胶的增值综合回收及其在路面工程中的可持续性实践 Article

徐雄, 冷真, 兰景婷, 王伟, 虞将苗, 白雅伟, Anand Sreerama, 胡静

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第6期   页码 857-867 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.020

摘要：

废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）饮料瓶等废弃塑料和废弃橡胶轮胎为主要的城市固体废弃物，如不进行合理回收，可能会引发各种环境问题。本研究对这两种废弃物经综合处理后用作沥青路面性能增强改性剂的可行性进行了分析。通过采用三乙烯四胺（TETA）和乙醇胺（EA）对废弃PET进行处理，分析废弃PET经处理获得添加剂的回收机理，同时表征这两种添加剂在改性橡胶沥青过程中的表现。鉴于此，本文采用红外光谱和热分析法对PET添加剂（PET-TETA和PET-EA）进行了研究，进而通过红外光谱、黏度、动态剪切流变和多次应力蠕变恢复等试验对这两种PET添加剂改性的橡胶沥青进行了分析。结果表明：通过化学处理后，废弃PET可被增值回收为功能性添加剂，以提高橡胶沥青的整体性能。本研究所开发的回收方法不仅有助于缓解废弃PET塑料和废弃轮胎的填埋问题，而且可将这些废弃物转变为耐久性路面建设的高附加值新材料。

关键词： 废弃PET     废弃轮胎橡胶     橡胶沥青     回收机理     可持续性    

HTML PDF 收藏

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Innovative seismic retrofitting strategy of added stories isolation system

Min-Ho CHEY, J. Geoffrey CHASE, John B. MANDER, Athol J. CARR

期刊论文

增值税防伪税控系统及其安全性设计

魏庆福

期刊论文

The main and added effects of heat on mortality in 33 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2013

期刊论文

On the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete

期刊论文

Characterization of value-added chemicals derived from the thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation of sewage

Milan Malhotra, Anurag Garg

期刊论文

Field evidence of decreased extractability of copper and nickel added to soils in 6-year field experiments

Bao Jiang, Dechun Su, Xiaoqing Wang, Jifang Liu, Yibing Ma

期刊论文

煤净化燃烧及伴生物产品化

朱雪芳

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-added

期刊论文

A combination process of mineral carbonation with SO2 disposal for simulated flue gas by magnesia-added

Yingying Zhao, Mengfan Wu, Zhiyong Ji, Yuanyuan Wang, Jiale Li, Jianlu Liu, Junsheng Yuan

期刊论文

Recycling polymeric waste from electronic and automotive sectors into value added products

Abhishek Kumar, Veena Choudhary, Rita Khanna, Romina Cayumil, Muhammad Ikram-ul-Haq, Veena Sahajwalla, Shiva Kumar I. Angadi, Ganapathy E. Paruthy, Partha S. Mukherjee, Miles Park

期刊论文

Electrochemical CO reduction to C products over CuZn intermetallic catalysts synthesized by electrodeposition

期刊论文

正交直墙前直立圆柱振荡问题的研究

宁德志,滕斌

期刊论文

使用分布式富碳废弃物模块化生产附加值产品及燃料

Robert S. Weber, Johnathan E. Holladay

期刊论文

工业食品废物资源最终利用潜力的比较

Raymond RedCorn, Samira Fatemi, Abigail S. Engelberth

期刊论文

废弃塑料和废弃胎胶的增值综合回收及其在路面工程中的可持续性实践

徐雄, 冷真, 兰景婷, 王伟, 虞将苗, 白雅伟, Anand Sreerama, 胡静

期刊论文